Student motivation

Student motivation refers to a student’s interest, desire, compulsion, and need to participate and be successful in the learning process. It is generally accepted that student motivation plays a key role in academic learning.

Highly motivated students are more actively involved in the learning process than less motivated students. Motivated students have a positive impact on learning. They take advantage of a given opportunity and show intense effort and focus on implementing the learning process. In addition, they reveal positive emotions such as enthusiasm, enthusiasm, interest, and optimism during learning.

On the other hand, it was found that the least motivated were less interested in participating in the learning process. Most of them were physically present in the classroom but were mentally absent. They often failed to actively participate in learning tasks. These students were more likely to stop learning. Less motivated students should be guided to develop a favorable attitude towards the learning process.

A teacher or instructor plays an important role in guiding less motivated students. A technique called attribution retraining, which includes modeling, socialization, and practice exercises, is used to restructure less motivated students. Its goal is to help students focus on the learning task without fear of failure.

There are two types of student motivation, such as extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation. Extrinsic motivation is defined as the motivation to perform an activity in order to obtain rewards or avoid punishment from an external source. Extrinsically motivated students undertake an activity in order to earn good grades or a teacher’s approval. Extrinsic motivation is again divided into two, such as social motivation and material motivation. Social motivations include approval from teachers, parents, and friends. Good grades, future education, or job security come under material motivations.

Intrinsic motivation refers to participating in an activity for its own sake, for the pleasure and enjoyment it provides. To be more precise, an intrinsically motivated learner performs an action for learning that enables it. Compared to extrinsic motivation, intrinsic motivation is more desirable since it is the motivation to participate in the learning process for the enjoyment of learning without considering its consequences.

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